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N.J. man is first documented death from tick-related red meat allergy

A 47-year-old man from New Jersey died within hours of eating a hamburger at a barbecue in the summer of 2024.

He had no major medical problems prior, nor did his autopsy find a cause of death.

But several months later, researchers at the University of Virginia pieced together a diagnosis: severe anaphylaxis linked to alpha-gal syndrome. It was a tick-related red meat allergy the man didn’t know he had.

He would turn out to be the first documented death from anaphylaxis related to the red meat allergy, according to a study published Wednesday in the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: in Practice.

In most cases of alpha-gal syndrome, the culprit is a Lone Star tick, which can transmit a sugar molecule called alpha-gal to a person during a bite. This can trigger the person’s immune system to react to the molecule, also found in meat from mammals, including beef, pork, and lamb, and in dairy and gelatin products.

The man had received 12 to 13 bites around his ankles earlier that summer from what his wife had thought were “chiggers.”

However, the bites were likely from the larvae of Lone Star ticks, which look similar to chiggers.

Lone star ticks are native to the eastern United States, but were traditionally limited to southern states because of deforestation in early America. Forest regrowth and climate change have helped the ticks reclaim their territory and expand.

Lone star ticks have been found in Pennsylvania since 2011, including in Bucks, Chester, Delaware, and Philadelphia Counties. A 2008 Rutgers study found them in every South Jersey county.

The man who died was not identified in the newly published case study, nor was it revealed where he lived in New Jersey.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says nearly a half-million people are suffering from alpha-gal syndrome nationwide.

Although this is the first deadly case documented that’s linked to the red meat allergy, reactions to the alpha-gal sugar in the targeted cancer therapy cetuximab have led to other deaths, however this is rare.

Researchers say the man’s case calls for increased awareness of the symptoms of anaphylaxis, which go beyond hives and trouble breathing.

“If you get the worst abdominal pain in your life, you need to consider the possibility of an allergic reaction,” said Thomas Platts-Mills, an allergist and immunologist at the University of Virginia and lead author on the study.

A map shows the estimated area in which Lone star ticks are found in America.

What happened

The 47-year-old airline pilot had gone on a camping trip in an unidentified location with his wife and children back in summer 2024. They spent the whole day outside, followed by a meal of beef steak at 10 p.m. It was an unusual choice for the family, who normally ate chicken.

Four hours later, the man woke up with abdominal pain that became so severe that he “was writhing in pain,” according to the study’s recount of the events. That was paired with diarrhea and vomiting.

After a couple of hours, his symptoms improved, and he fell back asleep.

The next morning, he rose feeling well enough to get a five-mile walk in before breakfast.

He thought about consulting a doctor, but ultimately decided against it, unsure what he would say happened. Separately, he told one of his sons that he thought he was going to die during the episode.

Two weeks passed, and the family, now home in New Jersey, attended a barbecue where the man ate a hamburger at around 3 p.m. He went home and spent an hour mowing the lawn.

A few hours later, his son found him unconscious on the bathroom floor, surrounded by vomit.

His son called 911 at 7:37 p.m. and initiated resuscitation until the paramedics arrived, but even after his father was transferred to the hospital, doctors could not save the man.

An autopsy found no obvious problems with his heart, lungs, brain, or abdomen, and concluded it was a “sudden unexplained death.”

The man’s wife, however, asked her friend, a pediatrician, to review the autopsy report. Suspecting the man could have had alpha-gal syndrome, the pediatrician contacted Platts-Mills, who first identified the syndrome back in 2007.

Solving the mystery

When Platts-Mills heard that the postmortem report gave no cause of death, he thought, “You can’t leave this lady losing her 47-year-old husband for no reason. That’s impossible.”

He arranged for a sample of the man’s blood to be sent to his lab for testing.

When they received it in April, their first move was to screen for a protein called immunoglobulin E, which the immune system releases during allergic reactions. They wanted to know whether his body was sensitive to anything it shouldn’t have been.

Unsurprisingly, the test came back positive for rye grass and ragweed, two common seasonal allergens.

But so did two other substances: alpha-gal and beef.

While this helped establish his allergy to alpha-gal, their next step was to confirm whether he had anaphylaxis when he died. They sent the sample to be tested for an enzyme called tryptase, which the body releases during severe allergic reactions. High levels could indicate that he died from severe anaphylaxis.

Not long after, a scientist called Platts-Mills to apologize and tell him they had to redo the test.

Platts-Mills thought, “Oh my god, was it negative?”

Instead, the scientist would tell him the levels of tryptase were bafflingly high.

At over 2,000 nanograms per milliliter, there was so much tryptase in his system that they needed to dilute the sample and retake the value. That number astonished Platts-Mills, who himself had never seen levels surpass 200 nanograms per milliliter.

“It absolutely says that he died of anaphylaxis,” Platts-Mills said.

It is unclear why he had such a severe case of anaphylaxis. While the study listed some factors, such as his drinking beer with his burger and being exposed to ragweed pollen, that potentially could have influenced his outcome, Platts-Mills said these “probably weren’t really the reasons why his anaphylaxis was more severe.”

Anaphylaxis very rarely causes death. One study found only 0.3% of cases in the emergency room are fatal.

One of the takeaways from the man’s experience is not to ignore abdominal pain, Platts-Mills said. While many people know to look out for more common signs of anaphylaxis, such as hives and difficulty breathing, having abdominal pain without other symptoms can be a dangerous form of the reaction.

In most cases, this pain takes three to five hours to show up after eating red meat. Had the man known his previous episode of abdominal pain was anaphylaxis, he could’ve avoided eating the burger.

“That’s the tragedy from my point of view,” Platts-Mills added.

Sam Moore suffers from Alpha-gal syndrome, which is brought on by an invasive tick bite. He is shown here at his cranberry farm in Tabernacle, N.J. in August 2023.

Living with alpha-gal syndrome

Samuel Moore, a cranberry farmer in Shamong, deep in the New Jersey Pinelands in Burlington County, has had many close calls and a handful of hospital visits due to alpha-gal. He was diagnosed several years ago and knows a handful of other locals who’ve been bitten and diagnosed.

So far, Moore said there’s been no treatment that’s helped.

“The only treatment,” he said,” is vigilance.”

That means exhaustive label reading at the grocery store, rarely, if ever, dining out, and getting to know local deli owners personally. Moore said he could have a flare-up due to proteins left over on a lunchmeat slicer.

“I’ve come to the point where I’ve felt anaphylaxis coming on and my throat closing up,” he said. “It’s not just breaking out in hives.”

Moore recently celebrated his 52nd birthday at a plant-based restaurant in Haddonfield, where he was able to eat anything on the menu.

“And I’ll tell you, I was still a little nervous,” he said.

One of Moore’s friends, Albertus “Chippy” Pepper, also contracted alpha-gal syndrome. Like Moore, he’s a cranberry farmer, often outside in the bogs or clearing brush. His new diet has become a little bland.

“I eat chicken, chicken, chicken, and more chicken,” he told The Inquirer in 2023.

Editor’s note: The story has been updated to clarify that cetuximab is a targeted cancer therapy.

November 14, 2025
Three weeks after drug raids on a Kensington block, Philly police are continuing to restrict access to the entire street

Three weeks after Philadelphia police and federal agents raided Kensington’s Weymouth Street and arrested more than 30 people in what they called the takedown of a decade-old drug-trafficking gang, residents and neighbors are still feeling the constant presence of law enforcement.

That’s because Philadelphia police officers have since been stationed at either end of the narrow block 24 hours a day — asking anyone who wants to pass through to show identification, and declining to let people walk or drive through if they don’t live there.

Deputy Police Commissioner Pedro Rosario said the strategy was part of an attempt to ensure that the block — which had long been a hub of open-air drug dealing — not fall back under control of a new or rival drug organization. Officials who announced the takedown effort last month, including FBI Director Kash Patel, said the case was an attempt to “dismantle” the gang that controlled the 3100 block of Weymouth, and Rosario said he wanted to ensure the results of that investigation had time to take root.

Although limiting public access to a street is unusual, Rosario said that the neighbors he has heard from have been supportive, and that he viewed the effort as an attempt “to stabilize the neighborhood.” Mayor Cherelle L. Parker’s administration has made addressing crime and living conditions in Kensington a priority, employing a variety of sometimes-controversial strategies to combat issues including drug dealing and homelessness.

“This is the department just trying to give the neighborhood a chance to catch its breath,” Rosario said. “I want the power of that investigation to linger. That way, people can really take into account, ‘Should I be doing [drug] business here in Kensington, or is it finally changing?’”

A spokesperson for Parker referred all comments to the police department.

City Councilmember Quetcy Lozada, who represents the area, said that she, too, has received primarily positive feedback from residents about the situation, and that she viewed the heavy police presence as a way to help ensure the block be given a chance to move forward.

“Everyone knows when one operation is broken down and moved out of the way, there’s always someone looking to move in and replace that,” Lozada said. “I think it’s very important for the police to stay around and for the new norm to stay successful.”

Inquirer reporters visited the block on three days this week seeking to interview residents about the aftermath of the raids, but were denied access by officers sitting in patrol cars at either end of the street.

In phone interviews conducted afterward, three residents said they were either indifferent about, or fine with, the ongoing restrictions.

“I’m either going to be for trying to fix this problem or against it,” said one resident, who requested anonymity to discuss a sensitive issue affecting his block. “And if this is what [police] have to do right now, I think I’d rather have the police there than drug [users] running up and down the street.”

Another resident, who also asked not to be named, said he believed police were “keeping people safe.”

“People appreciate it, that we have somebody doing something about it,” he said.

Jimmy Townsend disagreed. The 51-year-old said that he has lived on the block for three years, and that being questioned on the way to his house amounted to “harassment” and a way to impose consequences on an entire block for the actions of others.

“God forbid I forget my mail or ID, I might get stopped from coming to my own house,” Townsend said. “I was not part of that crime.”

Witold J. Walczak, legal director for the American Civil Liberties Union of Pennsylvania, said government agencies generally have “a significant burden” to justify prohibiting access to areas like public streets or sidewalks. And while police can — and often do — limit access to public places in the middle of major operations, Walczak said he was unsure why police in this instance felt the need to place such restrictions on the block if officers were also stationed there in patrol cars.

“If the police are there anyway, I don’t understand how [not] letting people in and out of the area is going to advance their interests,” he said. “The fact that they’re there should do that without restricting access.”

Rosario, the deputy commissioner, said any time police place a heavy emphasis on one patrol area, they will scale back their presence over time as conditions improve. In this case, he said, “I want to be strategic in how we do that.”

In the meantime, he said, police were continuing to allow delivery trucks and other essential vehicles to access the block, even as officers sought to divert most passersby elsewhere.

“This is us really being deliberate,” he said, “to let this sink in for a second.”

November 14, 2025
Pa.’s new budget has financial help for Delco’s Riddle and Mercy Fitzgerald Hospitals

Pennsylvania’s new budget has $5 million in supplemental payments for the two Delaware County Hospitals that have seen significant increases in patient volumes since Crozer-Chester Medical Center and Taylor Hospital closed in the spring.

Main Line Health’s Riddle Hospital, near Media, is getting $3 million. The amount for Trinity Health Mid-Atlantic’s Mercy Fitzgerald Hospital, in Darby, is $2 million, according to budget documents.

The $5 million will be doubled by a federal match, said Democratic State Sen. Tim Kearney, who represents part of Delaware County. The $5 million is from a fund used to help hospitals the serve a large number of patients with Medicaid and used to go to Crozer Health, Kearney said Friday.

Main Line said in a statement Thursday that the money will help it maintain services in the county.

Pa. lawmakers and Gov. Josh Shapiro have approved a $50.1 billion state budget, officially ending monthslong impasse

“Since Crozer’s shutdown in April, Riddle’s Emergency Department has experienced an unprecedented surge — 46% more patients than the same period last year, an increase of nearly 4,000 overall,“ the nonprofit said.

Main Line, which also owns Lankenau Medical Center, Bryn Mawr Hospital, and Paoli Hospital, said it has seen 55,000 patients from the Crozer market — a 15% increase over the same time period last year. That figure includes 8,000 patients who went to a Main Line facility for the first time, the health system said.

Trinity Health did not respond to a request for comment.

Shuttered hospitals in limbo

While Riddle and Mercy Fitzgerald have scrambled to accommodate patients who used to rely on Crozer Health, efforts are underway to bring healthcare services back to at least Taylor Hospital in Ridley.

Local investors bought that facility in September for $1 million and are trying to entice one of the region’s nonprofit health systems to bring it back as a hospital.

A group from New Jersey called Chariot Allaire Partners LLC has agreed to pay $10 million for the former Crozer-Chester Medical Center in Upland but has not disclosed its plans. That facility served as a key safety provider for a low-income area of Delaware County.

A partnership of Restorative Health Foundation and Syan Investments won an auction for Springfield Hospital for $3 million, but it does not have support from township officials.

Delaware County legislators also obtained $1 million from the state to buy emergency department equipment if one of the closed hospitals, such as Taylor, reopens, Kearney said.

Editor’s note: This story has been updated with additional detail on the funding.

This suburban content is produced with support from the Leslie Miller and Richard Worley Foundation and The Lenfest Institute for Journalism. Editorial content is created independently of the project donors. Gifts to support The Inquirer’s high-impact journalism can be made at inquirer.com/donate. A list of Lenfest Institute donors can be found at lenfestinstitute.org/supporters.

November 14, 2025
The USMNT’s new tactics seem made for Sergiño Dest, but how much will he play in them?

Long before U.S. men’s soccer team manager Mauricio Pochettino unveiled a 3-4-2-1 formation for his players, outsiders debated the possibility.

Though the program went decades without playing that way, the rise of high-flying outside backs like Sergiño Dest made the idea start to sound sensible.

But since Pochettino made the switch in September, Dest hasn’t gotten to play in the new setup much. He was a second-half substitute in the momentum-turning win over Japan, then had to miss October’s games because of an injury.

That makes this month’s games crucial for the 25-year-old, who plays his club soccer at Dutch power PSV Eindhoven. The odds are good that fans will see him play a major role Saturday at Subaru Park when the U.S. faces Paraguay (5 p.m., TNT, Telemundo 62).

Sergiño Dest (left) and left wingback Max Arfsten (right) working out together at Friday’s practice.

“Yeah, I feel like it’s really important,” Dest said at Friday’s practice in Chester. “Because the rosters are a little bit different. For me personally, because I was injured, I didn’t really have that much time to play with everyone, the players that I didn’t know before. It needs time.”

Dest has historically played on the right side of a four-defender setup with both club and country. The right wingback spot ahead of three centerbacks isn’t too different, but as with any tactical change, there are subtleties.

Six years since leaving the Union, Auston Trusty comes full circle with the USMNT

“It’s a little bit different, but obviously, that’s the way we play at the moment, so I feel like you have to adapt to that formation,” Dest said. “For me personally, I’ve always been an attacking outside back, so I feel like it’s not that hard. But you still need some time.”

Dest can also play on the left side, as he did against Japan. That could matter even more if longtime starter Antonee Robinson can’t overcome his longstanding knee issues. A combination of Dest and Tim Weah (who’s out injured right now) as the wingbacks would be quite dynamic — though with plenty of defense needed between them.

Sergiño Dest (center) at a U.S. practice in September, the last time he was with the team.

“Now is a good opportunity for him,” Pochettino said. “I think we have good players in that position [in this squad] like Alex Freeman and Joe Scally, that are very competitive and they can play in different [roles]. Sergiño is more offensive than defensive — he needs to improve in defensive areas — but I think it’s a great opportunity for us to know him, to see the capacity to adapt to our demands that are completely different for his club, or were in the past year. “

Whatever Dest is asked, he made it clear he’s ready to answer the call.

Mauricio Pochettino reflects on the USMNT’s progress, and looks forward to his first game in Philly

“I always want to play for the national team,” he said. “I feel like it’s an honor to be here and to fight for my spot. I always wanted to be here, but to have some extra training and some extra rest between some games, especially after the injury I came from, I think it’s also not bad, especially with the long season we still have ahead.”

Gio Reyna in the spotlight

While local fans will obviously be focused on the four Philly-area products on this squad, many eyes nationally will be on Gio Reyna’s return to the squad. The talented young playmaker had been on a downward slide for a while, but has finally started to trend back up in the last few weeks.

Gio Reyna (center) on the ball at Wednesday’s practice.

If he can make an impression in these two games, it will be a big deal in his quest to make a second straight World Cup team.

Reyna hasn’t spoken with the media yet this week, but veteran U.S. centerback Tim Ream had praise for Reyna’s work in practice.

Brenden Aaronson and Mark McKenzie relish their USMNT homecoming on the Union’s turf

“He’s not really letting the challenges overseas seep into camp, which is great to see,” said Ream, who wears the captain’s armband under Pochettino as the squad’s most experienced player. “He’s speaking up a lot more in the trainings, in terms of, ‘OK, I’m seeing this, what are you seeing?’ He’s really getting involved in the understanding of the movements and what we’re doing in the buildup and in the defensive shape.”

Ream said he has observed a better mentality in Reyna, too. That has long been a question about the attacking midfielder, dating back to the scandal with former U.S. coach Gregg Berhalter at the 2022 World Cup.

Gio Reyna leading the jogging line at the start of Friday’s practice.

“I feel like he’s more in tune and more focused on the field than I’ve seen in the past, which is a great thing,” Ream said. “And I think whether it was injury or other things that were going on, I think his focus is so much greater now, and that’s a good thing.”

The mention of “other things” didn’t need further detail. Just last month, Reyna talked about it with the Associated Press, and his lack of contrition did not go over well.

This U.S. squad is the first one where Reyna has worked with Sebastian Berhalter, Gregg’s son. Gio’s famed father, Claudio, was as close as could be with Berhalter until the scandal erupted.

Tyler Adams is off the USMNT roster again, so the rest of the squad must adjust again

Pochettino was asked whether the subject had come up between the sons, and he said it has not.

“I hear some things, but for me it’s not important, because in front of everything is the national team,” he said. “I cannot judge, I cannot take decisions from the past. … Now it’s a completely different environment. And what I saw from day one — good synergy, good teammates — I think the interaction and the communication is fantastic.”

November 14, 2025
VJ Edgecombe navigating NBA grind after surprise start to his career: ‘I’ve got to give myself some grace’

As VJ Edgecombe prepared to leave the 76ers’ locker room Sunday, following the team’s second set of back-to-back games in less than a week, veteran teammate Andre Drummond noticed the rookie looked “exhausted.”

So Drummond offered direct instructions for Edgecombe heading into the Sixers’ mandatory off day.

“Don’t get up until 6 p.m. tomorrow,” Drummond publicly reiterated in front of reporters a few minutes later. “6 p.m., VJ. So if you see this, keep your [butt] in bed.”

Perhaps no Sixer will benefit more than Edgecombe from this light stretch of the Sixers’ early schedule, when their only game in five days is Friday at the Detroit Pistons. After a torrid scoring start — including a historic 34-point outburst in the Sixers’ opener at the Boston Celtics — Edgecombe has shot 27.9% (17 of 61) from the floor and 25% (5 of 20) from three-point range and averaged 9.4 points during his past five games.

Sixers sending Jared McCain on a two-game stint in the G League

The mini slump is understandable for a rookie going through the demanding 82-game NBA schedule for the first time, and playing heavy minutes for a competitive Sixers team in record (7-4) and in number of “clutch” games played (nine, tied for the NBA lead entering Thursday). And there is no substitution for Edgecombe simply experiencing the grind.

“It’s not weighing on me,” Edgecombe said of his recent struggles. “Why I say it’s not is because it’s an 82-game season. Nobody’s going to remember these games early. I mean, I’m a rookie, man. I’ve got to give myself some grace. Obviously, I set a pretty high standard when I came and had a good debut scoring the ball.

“But at the end of the day, I just want to win. That’s the main thing for me. I just want to win.”

Coach Nick Nurse said that Edgecombe’s “tremendous engine” — the 20-year-old guard can “work really long days, and then do it again the next day,” the coach added — and mental fearlessness have been present since the Sixers drafted him this summer.

Sixers Vj Edgecombe has shot 27.9% from the floor and 25% from three-point range and averaged 9.4 points during his past five games.

That motor has already been put to use. Entering Thursday, Edgecombe ranked second in the NBA in minutes played (37.3 per game), only behind teammate Tyrese Maxey (40.5 per game). And after playing 35 total games his one college season at Baylor — “and 12 of them don’t really count,” Nurse quipped — Edgecombe logged 11 NBA games in less than three weeks. That included three back-to-backs, which Edgecombe acknowledged was “tough for me personally.”

“I don’t know if I can prepare myself for that,” Edgecombe said.

And it is not just the avalanche of games, but everything in between. Last week, the Sixers completed their first multigame road trip to Brooklyn, Chicago, and Cleveland. That typically means leaving one city immediately after a game, landing in the next city in the middle of the night, then needing to be ready to jump into practice or game preparation a few hours later.

Maxey said Tuesday that, in Year 6, he has just begun to figure out a maintenance routine that works for him. Justin Edwards, who was a rookie last season, learned preventive treatment such as sitting in a cold tub, “flush” massages, and red light therapy are crucial.

So far, Edgecombe spends nights without a game sitting on his couch in recovery boots that alleviate leg soreness. On game days, he takes a nap and speaks to his family. His goal is to keep his mind peaceful, following a mantra from high school coach John Buck that “you can’t be grateful and stressed at the same time.”

How good is Tyrese Maxey? He’s now in a class with Sixers great Allen Iverson and other NBA elites.

Edgecombe had already earned the trust of teammates and coaches with his work ethic and temperament. Nurse praised that Edgecombe was “everywhere” the team asked during the offseason, even canceling a visit home to the Bahamas.

That is why Nurse was not hesitant about immediately inserting Edgecome into the starting lineup. Or keeping him with the closing group, even when he struggled with his shot or turnovers earlier in the game. Edgecombe is already one of the Sixers’ better perimeter defenders. He also always has the potential to flash his insane athleticism as a driver or finisher. And he has already shown a knack for knocking down clutch shots, while averaging 15.4 points, 5.5 rebounds, and 4.3 assists so far this season.

“He’s got great composure. He’s calm. He doesn’t make too many mistakes,” Nurse said. “I super believe in him. … He needs to be out there and learn this stuff, and he’s produced.”

Like during the Sixers’ win over Celtics Tuesday night. Edgecombe missed eight of his first nine shots, including an air-balled three-pointer to begin the third quarter that prompted him to mouth “Oh my God” in surprise (or self-deprecation).

Sixers guards VJ Edgecombe and Tyrese Maxey occupy the NBA’s top two spots in minutes played per game.

But with about five minutes remaining, Edgecombe elevated to block All-Star Jaylen Brown’s dunk attempt, then pushed the ball ahead to Edwards for a three-pointer. Then with 2 minutes, 20 seconds to play, Edgecombe let an open three-pointer fly — and watched it bounce high off the rim and through the net to give the Sixers a four-point lead. Perhaps that was a reward for Edgecombe’s summer work to get more arc on his shot, and “give it a chance to get in the rim,” he said.

“It’s been a rough couple days, but I won’t stop shooting the ball,” Edgecombe said. “I will continue shooting the ball if I’m wide-open, if it’s the right shot.”

That is one of several on-court lessons for Edgecombe during these first 11 games. Another is that he cannot expect to outjump competitors for a rebound, because “they’re 7-foot and they’re gonna get there quicker than me.” Nurse added that Edgecombe must get downhill more aggressively while playing alongside Joel Embiid, in order to draw the defender away from the former MVP and open opportunities for Edgecombe to pass to a rolling or popping Embiid. Even the speedy Edgecombe notices the increased pace at the NBA level, and that he needs to sharpen his defensive positioning.

And though Edgecombe feels empowered by coaches and teammates to be himself on the court, Nurse acknowledged Thursday that the staff can more deliberately put Edgecombe in situations with the ball in his hands.

“Come hell or high water, this is your play,” Nurse said. “Go make something happen.”

After Tuesday’s sputters, Edgecombe believes he is “due for a game to get back on track.” Nurse added that Edgecombe’s past two days have been filled with “constant film work,” which is “still [a] pretty heavy load mentally, no matter if he’s on the court or not.”

Justin Edwards’ hot shooting fuels Sixers’ comeback victory over Boston Celtics: ‘I’ve been waiting my turn’

But that approach does allow Edgecombe to take Drummond’s advice. On Monday, Edgecombe said he woke up after noon, then was back asleep by 5 p.m. So it is fair to assume he will aim to maximize this lighter early-season stretch, with one game in five days.

“When I get home, in my bed,” Edgecombe said, “that’s the best thing.”

November 14, 2025
How two Philadelphians’ remains ended up at the Mütter Museum
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The Mütter Museum is a 162-year-old medical history museum. It contains countless mysteries.

Amid recent debates about the ethics of displaying human remains at museums worldwide, the Mütter has been mired in controversy over the acquisition and provenance of its vast collection of specimens. Most were obtained from fellows of the College of Physicians of Philadelphia, the Mütter’s parent organization, between 1883 to 1918.

During the past two years, researchers have embarked on a project called Postmortem: Mütter Museum.

Staff invites public feedback on these contentious issues as they uncover new information about the typically anonymous individuals whose body parts are on view. But when it comes to this history, there are no easy answers.

A Tale of Two Philadelphians

The Mütter Museum holds the remains of thousands. These are two of their stories.

By

Rosa Cartagena

and

Charmaine Runes

Published Nov 14, 2025

This is Thomas Jeff. He was a Black child born in 1875 with hydrocephalus, a condition that causes one’s head to swell due to a buildup of excess fluid in the brain.

Jeff’s skull has a circumference of about 27 inches, roughly the size of a cantaloupe.

“I would hear children making fun of his skeleton because of the shape of his skull,” said Giselle Makler, the Mütter’s collections research specialist.

Makler’s research aims to foster greater empathy and develop storytelling that focuses on people, not just their disabilities.

The museum’s de-anonymization efforts started with Jeff.

During his short life, Jeff was frequently put on display as a “freak” in unsavory sideshows across Philadelphia.

His final performance was reportedly at a theater on Walnut Street where he sang “Yankee Doodle” and “Rule, Britannia!” alongside a five-legged rabbit and two-headed calf.

Jeff’s earnings supported his impoverished family.

His parents, Letitia and Thomas Jeff Sr., lived near Fifth and East Passyunk Streets in the historic Seventh Ward, a predominantly African American neighborhood, with their three sons.

Thomas Jeff Jr., died on April 2, 1882 at the age of 7.

The family had 18 hours with his body before doctors took him away.

His rare condition made him a target for curious medical students.

Mrs. Jeff received a $20 offer to buy her son's body. Today, that price amounts to about $650.

The family needed the money; Mrs. Jeff's other son was partially paralyzed and required specialized care. Days after Jeff’s death, she told The Times, a local newspaper, that the doctors refused to pay more.

Eventually, she made the devastating decision to sell her son's body.

The reporter quoted her with a tone of derision and prejudice in the story …

“I sooner sell ‘im fo’ dat dan hab ‘im dug up outen his grabe by med’cal fellers an’ toted away widout me gittin’ a picayune.”

Mrs. Jeff's fears were valid: grave robbing was a rampant practice, particularly at African American cemeteries.

Just months later, in December 1882, it was reported that “body snatchers” had been stealing thousands of corpses from South Philly’s Lebanon Cemetery for years.

The intent was to dissect them at Jefferson Medical College (now called Sidney Kimmel Medical College under Thomas Jefferson University).

“There’s hard evidence that bodies of Black people were deliberately preyed upon and taken for specimens, traded amongst professional physicians, used to teach medical students, and, of course, put on display,” said Rana Hogarth, a professor of medical history at University of Pennsylvania who studies slavery, race, and colonialism.

“I wonder if [Mrs. Jeff] had heard rumors that if her son’s body even got to the cemetery — if they could afford that — that he was going to end up on a table, taken in the middle of the night.”

On April 6, 1882, Mrs. Jeff sold her son’s body to Richard Harte, a renowned surgeon and Penn alum.

Years later, Harte would become president of the College of Physicians of Philadelphia.

The college is the oldest private society of doctors in the country. It was founded in 1787 by a group of physicians, including Declaration of Independence signatory Benjamin Rush.

In the late 1800s, the Jeff family couldn't afford access to a dedicated physician, whereas wealthy white families typically received medical care at home.

On the opposite end of that medical care spectrum was Mary L. Caley, the woman to whom this enlarged kidney belonged.

Caley, a notable Quaker woman, was a revered minister in Philadelphia. She lived her entire life unaware that she had been born with only one kidney.

A mother of four, she frequently spoke publicly at Quaker meetings and advertised sermons in local newspapers, inviting working-class audiences to attend.

Caley, her children, and her husband, Samuel, were treated at their Center City home by the family physician, Francis G. Smith.

She died on May 28, 1862 at the age of 53 following years of cognitive decline.

Smith performed an at-home autopsy.

The autopsy revealed that Caley previously experienced a stroke and had two unique organs …

… an exceptionally large kidney and a uterus with a structural anomaly.

Two weeks after her death, Caley’s kidney, uterus, and bladder were presented and discussed at a meeting of the Philadelphia Pathological Society.

There is no documentation regarding whether Caley (or her husband) gave her organs to their doctor or the college. Mütter leaders speculate that the Caleys “may have shared ideas with these elite physicians about the importance of medical inquiry and progress.”

Caley was buried in Laurel Hill Cemetery, which was eventually where Smith was also laid to rest.

One jar = 60 specimens

A year later, college fellow Thomas Mütter founded the eponymous museum with 1,700 objects and specimens for medical education.

Today, the Mütter Museum houses 6,483 human remains.

The staff has so far researched a dozen case studies of about 480 specimens on view.

Jeff’s and Caley’s stories are only two out of thousands represented in the Mütter’s current collection.

While the Postmortem project has concluded, the Mütter will continue its efforts to learn more about the individuals in the museum and share their stories with the public as a way to better contextualize their bodily autonomy and agency — or lack thereof, in many cases — in the history of medicine.

What does the museum do now?

“Collections like this have typically been interpreted in the past [with a primary focus on] the biological and pathological facts of that specimen,” said Sara Ray, Mütter’s senior director of interpretation and engagement.

“… which is, inherently, untethered from the human story of it.”

“The more information that we have about who a specimen is, the more intentional we can be about the type of storytelling we do … We're able to foster a conversation that feels more relevant to [visitors] and humanizes [the people on display].”

Staff Contributors

Design and development: Charmaine Runes

Reporting: Rosa Cartagena

Editing: Bedatri D. Choudhury, Sam Morris

Illustration: AJ Dungo

Copy Editing: Brian Leighton

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Mütter Museum
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November 14, 2025
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Know your news? Test your skills with our News Quiz.

Take our news quiz on the Sixers, Marines, and Sabrina Carpenter.

By

Emily Bloch

Published Nov 14, 2025

Think you know your news? There’s only one way to find out. Welcome back to our weekly News Quiz — a quick way to see if your reading habits are sinking in and to put your local news knowledge to the test.

Question 1 of 10

Hip Hop, the Sixers’ retired mascot, made his triumphant return during a game last week and was honored at halftime. What animal/character is the mascot supposed to be?

CorrectIncorrect. XX% of other readers got this question right.

Bill Roth, who played Sixers former mascot Hip Hop — a rabbit — was honored during halftime of Saturday's game against the Toronto Raptors.

Question 2 of 10

Seaforest Bakery in Graduate Hospital is a new spot for baked goods and coffee that pays homage to this type of cuisine:

CorrectIncorrect. XX% of other readers got this question right.

The bakery menu features riffs on classic Korean dishes, like gochujang scallion buns and doenjang caramel rolls. Seaforest is the English translation of owner Suerim Lee’s first name.

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Question 3 of 10

There are two competing campaigns to rebuild and restore the Old City bar where the Marines were historically established 250 years ago. What was the bar called?

CorrectIncorrect. XX% of other readers got this question right.

The Marines, famously, were established at the Tun Tavern in 1775, a brewery and watering hole that once sat, roughly, where the southbound lanes of I-95 are now.

Question 4 of 10

This Hall of Fame quarterback recently said he’s on the Eagles’ side when it comes to the Tush Push:

CorrectIncorrect. XX% of other readers got this question right.

Peyton Manning made the Tush Push the subject of a Peyton's Places episode on ESPN, defending the controversial play's existence. "I'm on the Eagles’ side," he said.

Question 5 of 10

Sasha Suda, the recently ousted director and CEO of this institution, recently sued her former employer for wrongful termination:

CorrectIncorrect. XX% of other readers got this question right.

Suda is suing the Philadelphia Art Museum. Her suit says there was no "valid basis" for her dismissal, and seeks two years' worth of compensation and other damages.

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Question 6 of 10

James Vaughen, a 26-year-old Curtis grad, has won the Philadelphia Orchestra’s principal trumpeter spot. How many times had he previously auditioned for the gig without success?

CorrectIncorrect. XX% of other readers got this question right.

The hunt for a permanent principal trumpeter has been going, off and on, for several years. Vaughen, in fact, had auditioned for the position three times before without success. It was the fourth time that was the charm, said the 2023 Curtis grad.

Question 7 of 10

Bucks County native Sabrina Carpenter is up for six Grammy awards this year, including Song of the Year for this track:

CorrectIncorrect. XX% of other readers got this question right.

Carpenter is competing for song and record of the year, pop solo performance and best video for “Manchild,” as well as pop vocal album for Man’s Best Friend. Earlier this year, she won Grammys for her breakout album Short n’ Sweet and hit “Espresso.”

Question 8 of 10

The vacant building on East Passyunk Avenue that most recently housed Bing Bing Dim Sum will become the home to this new restaurant:

CorrectIncorrect. XX% of other readers got this question right.

Tako Taco, an amalgam of Japanese (tako is octopus) and Mexican cuisines, is one of two new projects in the works by chefs Biff Gottehrer and Kenjiro Omori — from Main Line destinations Refectory, the Ripplewood, and Izzy’s.

Question 9 of 10

The Philadelphia-based Freeman’s auction house will auction off this prized item owned by Marquis de Lafayette:

CorrectIncorrect. XX% of other readers got this question right.

Showered with gifts on both sides of the Atlantic, the hero of Yorktown was awarded a timekeeper for the ages by the people of France. Embossed with images of Greek mythical figures Orpheus and Eurydice, the 18-karat tricolor gold pocket watch was engraved with Lafayette’s full name and image. A hidden image inside depicted Lafayette’s return to France from America. Now it’s up for sale.

Question 10 of 10

A new law going into effect next year will require Philadelphia shoppers to pay this much per paper bag:

CorrectIncorrect. XX% of other readers got this question right.

Philadelphia shoppers will soon have to pay 10 cents per paper bag after Mayor Cherelle L. Parker on Thursday allowed a bill imposing the fee to become law without her signature. The law is expected to go into effect in January.

Your Results

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The average reader scored XX out of 10

Seems like you’ve been skimming more than reading there, buddy. There’s always next week.

You’ve read some articles (or made some educated guesses) but we wouldn’t come to you first for our local news recaps. Better luck next week!

Do you work here? You’re a local news stan with the latest updates on Philly happenings. Your friends definitely ask you for summaries on what’s going on and it shows.

Love our news quiz? Hate our news quiz? Something in between? *Please fill out this quick survey *and give us your feedback.

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Staff Contributors

Reporting: Emily Bloch

Editing: Molly Eichel, Emily Babay, and Kim Lyons

More Quizzes and Games

Citywide Quest: Do you know where in Philly these photos were taken?

We’ll show you a photo taken in the Philly-area, you drop a pin where you think it was taken. This week’s theme is all about elections.

Citywide Quest: Do you know where in Philly these photos were taken?

We’ll show you a photo taken in the Philly-area, you tell us where you think it was taken. This week's theme is all about time.

Citywide Quest: Do you know where in Philly these photos were taken?

We’ll show you a photo taken in the Philly-area, you tell us where you think it was taken. This week's theme is a little spooky.

Sixers quiz: How many players can you name who scored 18+ points or more in their rookie debut?

We'll tell you when they made their NBA debut – you give us the name.
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November 14, 2025
‘More needs and less money’: Philly’s collar counties are preparing for tight budgets, tax increases

Across the Philadelphia suburbs, county leaders are tightening their budgets, and looking toward potential tax increases.

Counties are required by law to complete their budget for next year by Dec. 31. But they entered this year’s budget season facing uncertainty with federal funding and a lack of clarity over state dollars as lawmakers remained locked in a monthslong budget impasse that ended only Wednesday when the Pennsylvania General Assembly and Gov. Josh Shapiro approved a $50.1 billion budget.

“We were preparing for more needs and less money,” said Josh Maxwell, a Democrat who chairs the Chester County Board of Commissioners. And even as Washington and Harrisburg resolved their budget woes this week, they did little to resolve concerns at the county level.

The state budget included no funding for transit, a 2% cut to mental health spending, and stagnant funding on other services like 911 fees — frustrating local officials.

“I don’t think if the General Assembly had sent us a gold-plated demand or invitation to raise property taxes it could have been any clearer,” said Delaware County Council member Christine Ruether, a Democrat.

Counties in Pennsylvania can only increase their revenue by raising property taxes. By failing to provide additional funds for social services, county officials argued, the state had created a situation where counties would immediately or eventually have to raise property taxes.

“The people we serve … all their problems don’t suddenly go away because there’s a lack of funding to address the problem,” said Bob Harvie, a Democrat who chairs the Bucks County Board of Commissioners and is running for Congress.

“It will likely mean that this county will have to consider a tax increase because we need to meet the needs of those people.”

Bucks County has not yet released its proposed budget for 2026. But residents in Montgomery and Delaware Counties are likely facing tax increases.

On Thursday morning, Montgomery County unveiled its proposed budget for 2026, which included a 4% property-tax increase.

Delaware County’s executive director Barbara O’Malley told the all-Democratic council last week that the county would need to increase property taxes 19% to eliminate the county’s structural deficit. A healthy financial setting, she argued, was especially important as state and federal funding streams have become less reliable.

Both budgets were crafted before the state budget was released but county officials said they wrote the documents assuming stagnant funding from the state despite inflation.

“We kept it status quo,” said Dean Dortone, Montgomery County’s chief financial officer.

Chester County officials said they’ve taken a similar approach. The county, Maxwell said, had also looked for budget cuts throughout the year as federal grant cancellations created uncertainty.

“We’ve been cutting all year because we know that the federal and state governments are going to be flat or less funding,” Maxwell said, but if the state continues to leave funding flat for social services it will eventually have an impact.

“Over time it’s going to mean property taxes are … going to go up more than they would have otherwise.”

Meanwhile, counties have spent the last several months backfilling for state funds that did not come during the impasse.

In Montgomery County, officials estimated the county had spent between $40 and $50 million from budget reserves to maintain services. Chester County officials estimated the county spent $40 million, while Delaware County officials reported spending $12 million monthly until October when the county was forced to reduce payments to social services providers.

Counties expect to be reimbursed by the state for those expenses, but it’s unclear how quickly those payments will come.

Delaware County declared a state of emergency Wednesday allowing them to more quickly distribute funds to local food pantries while the organizations wait for state and federal dollars to come through.

“It’s going to take a while for the money to trickle down and in the meantime if somebody can’t get food on the table it’s an issue,” Reuther said during the county’s board meeting.

This suburban content is produced with support from the Leslie Miller and Richard Worley Foundation and The Lenfest Institute for Journalism. Editorial content is created independently of the project donors. Gifts to support The Inquirer’s high-impact journalism can be made at inquirer.com/donate. A list of Lenfest Institute donors can be found at lenfestinstitute.org/supporters.

November 14, 2025
A South Philly teen broke into the Barnes Foundation 73 years ago. It led to a lifelong artistic career.

Painter Peter Paone might have never experienced his seven-decade-long illustrious art career if he hadn’t tried breaking into the Barnes Foundation in the spring of 1952.

At 15, he traveled three hours from his home at Seventh and Dickinson Streets in South Philly out to Merion, taking several buses and getting lost along the way. The venerable institution was not yet a public museum, and in the wake of founder Albert Barnes’ death a year earlier, access remained severely restricted by invitation only.

When Paone, unaware of those rules, arrived at the gate, he found it locked.

“I was angry, so I did what 15-year-old kids from South Philadelphia do. I climbed over the gate — which was about 12 feet high,” said Paone, 89, who lives in West Mount Airy.

He landed on the other side, walked up to the stately building, and knocked. Arts educator Violette de Mazia, Barnes’ longtime assistant, opened the door, stunned and alarmed to see the teen in front of her.

“She said, ‘Go away. You can’t do that. Who are you? How did you get here?’” Paone recalled. “She was very taken aback and she wasn’t gonna let me in.”

Undeterred, Paone asked for a glass of water and de Mazia, somewhat begrudgingly, let him in while she fetched it. She returned to see the budding art student entranced by the impressionist works on the walls, so she relented and gave him a tour.

It was an unforgettable day that paved the way for Paone to take classes with de Mazia, setting him on a path that catapulted him into the art world.

For decades, Paone has served as an educator and mentor, becoming a father figure to Philadelphia artists while creating his own distinct body of work.

Now on the cusp of 90, he is in the midst of a career renaissance with two museum shows this season — and no signs of slowing down.

Artist Peter Paone’s West Mount Airy studio on Tuesday, March 11, 2025, in Philadelphia. Paone grew up in South Philadelphia. Though he retired from teaching in 2009, he returns to his studio to paint every day.

‘Promising talent’

Paone has been making art for as long as he can remember. The middle son of Italian immigrants who moved to South Philadelphia, he spent long hours playing in the streets and listening to the stories of hardworking families like his. They lived in a two-story rowhouse not far from a community center called Reed House, where he found his first art teacher at around age 8.

“My parents were supportive in the sense that they didn’t object, and I think mainly because they didn’t know what an artist’s life was like. There was no financial support and there was no discussion about it,” Paone said. “My father did what he could to help me build an easel and build storage racks because I had a little room in the basement.”

Peter Paone, “Fleeting Time,” 2021. Acrylic on panel, 20 x 16 inches. On view at the Michener Art Museum in Doylestown. Photo courtesy of the artist.

Fleisher Art Memorial was another haven for the curious kid in the neighborhood where he regularly attended art classes each week. Years later, when he was a teen, his name appeared in The Inquirer for the first time, in a short blurb about the school’s 1954 exhibit of young Philadelphia artists: “Explorative in their subject-matter, full of linear vitality and bold color this exhibition is refreshingly alive, though these are young students still groping for technical enrichment. … In [these works] we feel the contagion of promising talent in search of itself.”

He earned special permission to attend John Bartram High School, renowned for its creative arts program, and went on to study arts education at the Philadelphia Museum School of Art (later called University of the Arts) with a scholarship from the board of education that covered four years of tuition.

Artist Peter Paone pulls out his miniatures at his West Mount Airy studio.

Like many artists, Paone spent some years in New York, but he never left Philly for too long. He taught at the Pratt Institute and worked with two galleries for about 12 years, with a brief stint in Europe funded by a Guggenheim Foundation grant that opened opportunities for him to exhibit in London, Vienna, and Hamburg.

He was always thinking about Philadelphia.

“In New York, you know, you’re good for a season, then you’re done, just like vegetables — you start to smell and you get out,” Paone said.

He returned home in the late ’70s, taking a teaching position at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts in 1978, where he soon established the academy’s first printmaking department. While he built a stellar reputation as an educator and mentor for generations of emerging artists, Paone did not have a major solo museum show in his hometown until about 35 years later, in 2013, at Woodmere Art Museum in Chestnut Hill, where he shared never-before-seen drawings and paintings in “Wild Flowers.”

“I don’t think I could have had the career that I had outside of Philadelphia, I think, because of the art schools, because of the life I had in Philadelphia, and the collectors, and the Philadelphia Art Museum,” he said.

A studio of wonder

For the last 50 years, Paone has lived in a quiet, wooded area on the edge of Wissahickon Valley Park with his wife, Alma Alabilikian. Surrounded by nature, the former carriage house home is both inviting and mysterious, like something out of a fairy tale.

Inside, it’s a delightfully busy studio on the first floor (the couple lives right above). There are wonders in every corner, from a windowsill covered with tchotchkes to towering shelves laden with tomes on art history. His collection of roughly 6,000 books, amassed over his lifetime, has been willed to the Philadelphia Art Museum.

Then there are the canvases, packed in by the hundreds — all different sizes, all distinct frames, with clowns, dolls, and creatures amid scenes that puzzle and enchant.

Peter Paone’s framed paintings.

Lately, Paone has been fixated on still life paintings — grumpy cats alongside decadent multitiered cakes, for instance — and portraits of what he calls snowpeople, with mouse ears and bird faces.

His subjects change, but a phantasmagoric splendor prevails throughout, evoking an uncanny, occasionally morbid vision.

It’s no surprise that for years Halloween has provided ample inspiration. One of his buzziest shows in recent years was “Reality Reassembled: The Halloween Paintings of Peter Paone,” which was at the Brandywine Museum of Art in 2019, about a decade after he retired from teaching at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts.

Art books fill the library at Peter Paone’s West Mount Airy studio.

Paone likes to say his main subject is “the human condition.” There are no models here — his surrealist-inspired paintings come from his whimsical imagination.

He spends about seven hours a day in the sunny, crowded space surrounded by dozens of brushes, cans, and paints he makes himself.

“Everything comes from memory. Everything comes from my own skills. I don’t go out painting. I don’t set up still lifes. I don’t hire models,” said the artist, who wears round, thick-framed glasses and has a penchant for bow ties. “It all comes from my lifestyle and what I did and what I remember from childhood to now.”

“Peacock,” acrylic on panel, 2003, is a bird encrusted with all manner of exotic flowers and other creatures representing a life’s accumulation of experience. In this case, it’s the artist’s experience, but it could be any of us.

A spotlight long overdue

Today, Paone’s work is on view in two concurrent shows at the Woodmere (“Snowpeople,” through Feb. 15, 2026) and Doylestown’s Michener Art Museum (“Not So Still Life,” through March 15, 2026). For Michener chief curator Laura Igoe, it’s thrilling to present new works from a Philadelphia icon.

Peter Paone, “New Dust for an Old Toy,” 2023. Acrylic on panel, 30 x 24 inches. On view at the Michener Art Museum in Doylestown. Photo courtesy of the artist.

“He’s thinking a lot about division in society today, which it’s hard not to think about in our current political moment,” Igoe said. “Dolls and clowns will be arranged within the still life, but they won’t be engaged with each other — they’ll kind of be looking away from each other. He sees that as reflective of how we can’t always talk to each other in America today.”

Woodmere CEO William Valerio finds new treasures every time he visits Paone’s studio, and he’s consistently impressed by the painter’s relentless evolution. That was just one reason he ensured Paone’s portrait Peacock would have “pride of place” at the museum’s newly unveiled Maguire Hall.

“Peter is full of surprises and ideas. His creative imagination just gets richer and deeper, and he hasn’t stopped making art … nothing seems to slow him down,” Valerio said.

Artist Peter Paone stands near a self-portrait at his West Mount Airy studio.

For Paone, this recognition is an affirmation of his refusal to capitulate to the commercial expectations of the previous decades.

“On one side, I’m surprised. On the other side, it’s about time. I’ve had a long and very active career on so many levels. … So back then, when nobody wondered what I was doing, I was ahead of my time, and now I’m in my time,” he said.

“One of the things that came out of being a child in South Philadelphia is that under no circumstances do you compromise in those days, you didn’t talk to the police. [It was] that kind of mentality. So I didn’t succumb to being a pop artist so I could be more known … I just kept going. That’s the secret of anybody’s success, is, no matter what, just keep going.”

November 14, 2025
Dorothea Cathell, community volunteer, three-time cancer survivor, and hit-and-run victim, has died at 77

Dorothea Cathell, 77, of Philadelphia, longtime community volunteer, retired hospitality worker, three-time cancer survivor, expert tailor, and mother of four, died Friday, Sept. 26, at Lankenau Medical Center of injuries she sustained as a victim of a hit-and-run at 54th Street and Lancaster Avenue.

Ms. Cathell was walking home from a shopping trip with Halloween decorations on Sept. 26 when she was struck by a speeding car. The driver left the scene in a damaged vehicle, and a suspect was arrested later and charged with homicide by vehicle-DUI and other charges. The case is pending.

“She was an awesome woman and mother,” said her son Ralph. “She was a real big light for the universe.”

Born and reared in South Philadelphia, Ms. Cathell lived in West Philadelphia as an adult and treated her neighbors like family, her son said. She volunteered at local free meal programs and youth activities and “opened her door to the homeless and anyone else in need,” her son said.

“She valued education first and promoted so much positivity in the neighborhood,” he said. “She had an extraordinary personality. Her heart was so huge.”

Ms. Cathell survived two bouts of stomach cancer and a case of colon cancer, and was “as tough as 30 gorillas,” her son said. She championed order and cleanliness in the community, worked in housekeeping for a hotel, and was an expert tailor.

Ms. Cathell was an avid storyteller, her son Ralph said. “She was a poetic person.”

“She made my sixth-grade graduation suit,” her son said. “Jacket, vest, shirt, pants, and tie. My friends said, ‘Wow.’ I said, ‘My mom did it.’”

Dorothea Elizabeth Cathell was born Dec. 25, 1947. She grew up with three brothers and three sisters, her son said, and graduated from South Philadelphia High School.

She married Charles Carter in the early 1980s, and they divorced later. He died earlier.

She had sons Ralph, Dwight, and Erik, and a daughter, Samiyah. Erik died earlier.

Ms. Cathell was an avid storyteller, her son said. “She was a poetic person,” he said. A friend said on Facebook: “She loved the hell out of her children and grandchildren. Amazing woman, heart of gold.”

Family members said in TV interviews after the incident that Ms. Cathell was “always happy, always positive,” and “to the world she was just one person. But to her family, she was the world.”

Her son Ralph said: “She was articulate about being kind. She was the best mother in the world. I never saw anyone like her.”

In addition to her children, Ms. Cathell is survived by 10 grandchildren, two great-grandchildren, and other relatives. Two brothers died earlier.

Services were held on Oct. 6.

November 13, 2025